Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Iowa, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). Shimabukuro, T. T. et al. Effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccination during pregnancy in preventing hospitalization for SARS-CoV-2 in infants. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. E.L. coordinated administrative tasks. Informed consent was waived because this was a data-only study with no direct contact with participants. We did not have genotyping data to confirm the variant that infected infants who tested positive and instead relied on state data regarding circulating strain predominance in the Northern California region. Maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infant protection against SARS-CoV Hospitalisation associated with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in Denmark. Experts say they. J. Obstet. Gretchen Rothrock, California Emerging Infections Program; Millen Tsegaye, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment; Julie Plano, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health; Kyle Openo, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University; Andy Weigel, Iowa Department of Health; Chloe Brown, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Erica Bye, Minnesota Department of Health; Wickliffe Omondi, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, University of New Mexico; Alison Muse, New York State Department of Health; Christina Felsen, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Eli Shiltz, Ohio Department of Health; Nasreen Abdullah, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; William Schaffner, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Melanie Crossland, Salt Lake County Health Department. The findings in this report are subject to at least four limitations. These data should be taken with a grain of salt. Second, vaccination status is subject to misclassification; this might affect estimation of rates by vaccination status. Among these infants, for our main analysis, we excluded 21,891 (35.2%) based on maternal exclusion criteria and 10,412 (16.8%) after applying infant exclusion criteria (Fig. Article Hospitalization rates and characteristics of children aged <18 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1-July 25, 2020. Durability of anti-spike antibodies in infants after maternal COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection. A previous study conducted before the Omicron-predominant period that showed increased risk for COVID-19associated hospitalization among certain racial and ethnic groups, including Black adults, and suggested the increased hospitalization rates were likely multifactorial and could include increased prevalence of underlying medical conditions, increased community-level exposure to and incidence of COVID-19, and poor access to health care in these groups (7). During the first 6 months of life, 940 (3.10%) infants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and 10 (0.03%) infants were hospitalized with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. Data were available for researchers who meet the criteria for access to Kaiser Permanente Northern California confidential data. In the first study, a team led by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) researchers analyzed data on 192,509 hospitalizations from more than 250 hospitals in 13 states participating in the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network from Jan 1, 2021, to Apr 30, 2022. IMV status was missing in 1.4% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are otherwise included elsewhere in the analysis. Further information on research design is available in theNature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article. and/or the original MMWR paper copy for printable versions of official text, figures, and tables. Rep. 69, 10811088 (2020). Vaccines: The CDC recommends that everyone age 5 and older get an updated covid booster shot. Wkly. Risk of hospital admission for patients with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7: cohort analysis. JAMA Netw. COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated both high efficacy in clinical trials and high real-world effectiveness, especially against the original and Delta variant of the virus6,7,8,9,10. NMF, MC, GD, DDA, AMP, and ST supervised the work. This correction ensures that there is always a reasonable denominator for the unvaccinated population that would prevent hospitalization rates from growing unrealistically large because of potential overestimates of vaccination coverage. Sadoff, J. et al. As with previous variants, being vaccinated greatly protects you from severe disease with omicron. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates among Black adults peaked at 94.7 (January 8, 2022), higher than that among all other racial and ethnic groups, 3.8 times the rate among White adults (24.8) for the same week, and 2.5 times the previous peak (January 16, 2021) among Black adults (37.2). Individual and neighborhood factors associated with failure to vaccinate against influenza during pregnancy. Third, because immunocompromise status is not always known, it is not possible to distinguish between booster and additional doses; this could have influenced observed rates. We monitored the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N) and spike protein (anti-S) antibodies in blood donors across Canada from September 2021 to June 2022 in 202,123 . URL addresses listed in MMWR were current as of B, Severe outcomes included hospitalization and death. image, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04474-x, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04479-6, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.22269082, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-flu-and-covid-19-surveillance-reports-2021-to-2022-season, Download .pdf (.95 Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy during the preceding 12 months. 387, 109119 (2022). However, infants aged <6 months are not currently eligible for any currently available COVID-19 vaccines and must rely on placentally acquired immunity from their mothers. Background: Risk stratification models have been developed to identify patients that are at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and severe illness. Google Scholar. Two recent papers claim there are no differences between surgical masks and respirators for preventing the spread of respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and flu, but the articles are deeply flawed. Defined as one or more of the following: chronic lung disease including asthma, chronic metabolic disease including diabetes mellitus, blood disorder/hemoglobinopathy, cardiovascular disease, neurologic disorder, immunocompromising condition, renal disease, gastrointestinal/liver disease, rheumatologic/autoimmune/inflammatory condition, obesity, feeding tube dependency, and wheelchair dependency. and statistical significance was assessed at two-sided p0.05. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged from 2 months to 6 months. Our additional supplemental analysis suggests that pregnant persons who received at least one vaccine dose before pregnancy should complete their vaccination series during pregnancy to provide protection to their children during the first 6 months of life. Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to TN, NMF, SFlax, MC, DDA, AMP, and ST conceptualised the work. Risk of reinfection, vaccine protection, and severity of infection with CAS ** Monthly incidence among adults who received booster or additional doses was calculated by summing the total number of COVID-19 patients with booster or additional doses hospitalized over all days of the month and dividing by the sum of adults with booster or additional doses in the underlying population for each day of the month. This method was also used for calculations in unvaccinated persons and those who received a primary series but not a booster or additional dose.. This preceded and had no relation to COVID-19, and GD had no role in and received no funding from the project. From this cohort, the study excluded the following infants born to (1) mothers who were not between ages 16 and 50 years at pregnancy onset; (2) mothers who did not have a primary KPNC facility assignment; (3) mothers who were not continuous KPNC members from December 15, 2020 until delivery; (4) mothers who had a positive nasal/throat swab for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) prior to pregnancy onset; (5) mothers who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test documented by KPNC prior to the onset of pregnancy; (6) mothers who received one or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine prior to pregnancy onset. Lipkind, H. S. et al. Zerbo, O., Ray, G.T., Fireman, B. et al. J. Med. Data analysis shows omicron variant less severe, better at evading vaccines Structural changes in the brain may explain the persistent fatigue and neuropsychiatric complications tied to long COVID. During the Delta period, we found that protection extended through the infants first 6 months of life. Ferdinands, J. M. et al. Covid-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant. To ensure stability and reliability of rates by vaccination status, data are presented beginning when 14 days have passed since at least 5% of the population of adults aged 18 years in the COVID-NET surveillance catchment area had received an additional or booster dose. Children currently account for about 18.5% of reported COVID-19 cases in the United States1. Furthermore, it was reassuring that both the cohort and the secondary TND yielded vaccine effectiveness estimates in the same direction. A WHO spokesman says China informed the WHO about the case, which involves a 53-year-old woman, on Feb 24. No other exclusion criteria were applied. Arthur Reingold, Jeremy Roland, Ashley Coates, California Emerging Infections Program, Oakland, California; Breanna Kawasaki, Rachel Herlihy, Isaac Armistead, Madelyn Lensing, Jordan Surgnier, Sarah McLafferty, Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment; Ann Basting, Tessa Carter, Maria Correa, Daewi Kim, Carol Lyons, Hazhia Sorosindi, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; Emily Fawcett, Katelyn Ward, Jana Manning, Asmith Joseph, Allison Roebling, Chandler Surell, Stephanie Lehman, Taylor Eisenstein, Suzanne Segler, Grayson Kallas, Marina Bruck, Rayna Ceaser, Annabel Patterson, Sabrina Hendrick, Johanna Hernandez, Hope Wilson, School of Medicine, Emory University, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Foundation for Atlanta Veterans Education and Research, Atlanta, Georgia; Jim Collins, Shannon Johnson, Justin Henderson, Sue Kim, Alexander Kohrman, Lauren Leegwater, Val Tellez Nunez, Sierra Peguies-Khan, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Kayla Bilski, Kristen Ehresmann, Richard Danila, Jake Garfin, Grace Hernandez, Kieu My Phi, Ruth Lynfield, Sara Vetter, Xiong Wang, Minnesota Department of Health; Daniel M. Sosin, Susan L. Ropp, Sunshine Martinez, Jasmyn Sanchez, Cory Cline, Melissa Judson, Florent Nkouaga, Mark Montoya, New Mexico Department of Health; Sarah Lathrop, Kathy M. Angeles, Yadira Salazar-Sanchez, Sarah A. Khanlian, Nancy Eisenberg, Dominic Rudin, Sarah Shrum Davis, Mayvilynne Poblete, Emily B. Hancock, Francesca Pacheco, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program; Yassir Talha, Celina Chavez, Jennifer Akpo, Alesia Reed, Murtada Khalifa, CDC Foundation, New Mexico Department of Health; Suzanne McGuire, Kerianne Engesser, Nancy Spina, Adam Rowe, New York State Department of Health; Sophrena Bushey, Virginia Cafferky, Maria Gaitan, Christine Long, Thomas Peer, Kevin Popham, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York; Julie Freshwater, Denise Ingabire-Smith, Ann Salvator, Rebekah Sutter, Ohio Department of Health; Sam Hawkins, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; Tiffanie Markus, Katie Dyer, Karen Leib, Terri McMinn, Danielle Ndi, Gail Hughett, Emmanuel Sackey, Kathy Billings, Anise Elie, Manideepthi Pemmaraju, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; Amanda Carter, Andrea George, Andrew Haraghey, Ashley Swain, Caitlin Shaw, Laine McCullough, Mary Hill, Ryan Chatelain, Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah; Alvin Shultz, Robert W. Pinner, Rainy Henry, Sonja Mali Nti-Berko, CDC; Elizabeth Daly, Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. We used two different study designs: a primary design using a cohort analysis in which infants of vaccinated pregnant persons were compared with infants of unvaccinated pregnant persons. Omicron vaccine effectiveness estimates for 7 to 59 days, 60 to 119 days, and 240 days or more after the second dose are not presented owing to imprecision in the estimates and wide 95% CIs (ie, 100 percentage points). Safety and efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA covid-19 vaccine. During the period of Omicron predominance, hospitalization rates increased most sharply among Black adults in the United States relative to all other racial and ethnic groups examined and reached the highest rate observed among all racial and ethnic groups since the beginning of the pandemic. In this large study which included >30,000 infants, we found that receipt of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of infants testing SARS-CoV-2 positive during their first 6 months of life. We did not assess whether vaccines received before pregnancy or immediately after pregnancy were associated with a reduced risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 in infants. Viruses | Free Full-Text | SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among Canadian Risk of hospitalisation associated with infection with SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in Denmark: an observational cohort study. Annually, approximately 40,000 births occur at KPNC facilities. Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm, ** https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1, On August 13, 2021, CDCs Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued the first of several recommendations for additional or booster doses of COVID-19 vaccine. WHO/Europe | The Omicron variant: sorting fact from myth Real-world data suggest lower COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against Omicron variants11,12,13,14. 383, 26032615 (2020). Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed the primary series and received an additional or booster dose on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after completion of the primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, because COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). J. Epidemiol. Baxter, R., Bartlett. NEW YORK and MAINZ, GERMANY, March 1, 2023 Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) and BioNTech SE (Nasdaq: BNTX) today submitted an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) of a booster (fourth) dose of the companies' Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted bivalent COVID-19 vaccine in children 6 months through 4 years of age (also referred to as under 5 years). Hospitalizations rates increased among all adults irrespective of vaccination status (unvaccinated, primary series only, or primary series plus a booster or additional dose). Stay up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines. In this analysis, vaccine effectiveness was evaluated as 1 minus the odds ratio. With the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in late 2021, Canadian public health case/contact testing was scaled back due to high infection rates with milder symptoms in a highly vaccinated population. The stats are for COVID-associated hospitalizations, which may include people for whom COVID-19 was not the primary reason for admission. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the study population and calculated crude rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization by maternal vaccination status. J. Med. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. COVID-19Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults During SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron Variant Predominance, by Race/Ethnicity and Vaccination Status COVID-NET, 14 States, July 2021January 2022. How Severe Are Omicron Infections? - Scientific American Method: This case-control study aims to determine the hospitalization risk associated with the inactivated BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer . The population of unvaccinated adults is determined by subtracting the number of adults who received any dose of vaccine, as previously defined, from the population. Among children 12 to 17, the . Author's reply, Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the DNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (ZyCoV-D): the interim efficacy results of a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in India, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, MRC Biostatistics Unit COVID-19 Working Group, Cases, hospital admissions, and hospital attendances in those with delta and omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants, between Nov 29, 2021, and Jan 9, 2022, Risk of hospitalisation and mortality for COVID-19 cases with omicron compared with delta, overall and by age group, Estimated HRs for vaccination categories, secondary analysis.